Saturday, January 17, 2015

The Whys & Wherefores of MS

Epidemiology: The incidence, distribution and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health

MS is thought to affect more than 2.3 million people worldwide. While gender, genetics, age and geography have all been ruled contributing factors of MS, epidemiological studies have proven difficult. Because of the complexity of the disease, MS can be difficult to diagnose. The incidence (or the number of new cases in a given period in a given population) has been proved virtually impossible to estimate. Epidemiologists instead focus on prevalence (the number of people with MS at a particular point in time, in a particular place) of MS. Here are some of the main points regarding the prevalance...

http://www.healthline.com/health/multiple-sclerosis/facts-statistics-infographic
  • Although more people today are currently being diagnosed with the disease, this may be because of an increase in testing, awareness and a greater access to medical care. There is not definitive evidence that proves the rate of MS increasing in the population. 
  • MS occurs in most ethnic groups, including African-Americans, Asians and Hispanics/Latinos, but is more common in Caucasians of northern European ancestry
  • Most are diagnosed between the ages of 20-50 years of age
  • MS is 2 to 3 times more prevalent in women than in men
  • MS is the leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults
  • In general, MS is more common in areas farthest from the equator



 http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/neurol/msgeog.html

As you can see in the above images that prevalence rates are higher in places closer to the poles compared to places closer to the equator. This may be due to lack of sunlight and vitamin D found in the regions furthest from the equator. While this fits the hypothesis that a higher exposure to sunlight decreases the incidence of MS, studies of not definitively found this to be true yet.

While we know some of the factors contributing to the prevalence of disease, MS is still widely misunderstood as to why, who and when people develop the disease. Possibly because of this, there is still no treatment for MS.

Works:
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/Who-Gets-MS
http://multiplesclerosis.net/what-is-ms/statistics/

1 comment:

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