Saturday, February 28, 2015

Nursing Diagnoses


Nursing diagnosis for Multiple Sclerosis


  • Risk for self care deficit 
  • Risk for cognitive impairment 
  • Impaired mobility 
  • Risk for fatigue 
  • Risk for impaired urinary output 
  • Risk for pain
  • Risk for Depression




Nursing Diagnosis


Risk for self care deficit relating to neuromuscular impairment, intolerance to activity and motor impairment.






Nursing Intervention

  • Determine level of current activity.
  • Encourage the patient to perform self care tasks
  • Note the presence of fatigue
  • Provide assistive devices and aids
  • Find ways to encourage nutritional and fluid needs





Desired Outcome

  • Identify individual areas of needs
  • Demonstrate ways to meet self care needs
  • Preform activities to their own ability
  • Identify resources that may provide assistance
http://nurseslabs.com/9-multiple-sclerosis-nursing-care-plans/
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS

Sunday, February 22, 2015

Helpful Resources

This week I wanted to list some various websites that may help with your understanding of the disease MS. Here are my top picks...

For a brief overview and easy to understand information:

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/

mayoclinic can be used as a platform to begin understanding what multiple sclerosis is, the signs & symptoms of the disease and many possible and current treatments. Once you get your toes wet with this information you can move on to gain a more in-depth understanding which leads me to...

http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS

The national MS society is probably the most extensive, accurate, up-to-date and helpful resource there is on MS. The website also has information on MS support and how one can live well with the disease.

MS connection allows one to make a profile and may be a helpful support group for some

https://www.msconnection.org/

I've also listed some nursing care for individuals living with the disease


 
 
Risk for Activity Intolerance
May be related to fatigue, medications, emotional demands and pain/discomfort
§  Identify and review factors affecting ability to be active: temperature extremes, inadequate food intake, insomnia, use of medications, time of day
§  Determine need for walking aids. Provide braces, walkers, or wheelchairs. Review safety considerations
§  Assist with physical therapy. Increase patient comfort with massages and relaxing baths
§  Administer medications as ordered
 
 
 
 
Risk for Self-Care Deficit
 
May be related to neuromuscular impairment, decreased strength and endurance, motor impairment, memory loss, pain/discomfort, fatigue and depression
 
 
 
§  Encourage patient to perform self-care to the maximum of ability as defined by patient. Do not rush patient
§  Assist according to degree of disability; allow as much autonomy as possible
§  Provide assistive devices and aids as indicated: shower chair, elevated toilet seat with arm supports
§  Reposition frequently when patient is immobile (bed or chair bound). Provide skin care to pressure points, such as sacrum, ankles, and elbows. Position properly and encourage to sleep prone as tolerated
 
 
Impaired Urinary Elimination
May be related to neuromuscular impairment
§  Note reports of urinary frequency, urgency, burning, incontinence, nocturia, and size or force of urinary stream. Palpate bladder after voiding
§  Review drug regimen, including prescribed, over-the-counter (OTC), and street as a side effect may be due to use
§  Encourage adequate fluid intake, avoiding caffeine and use of aspartame, and limiting intake during late evening and at bedtime
§  Promote continued mobility

Until next week!

Friday, February 13, 2015

A Complex Disease Calls for a Complex Approach

A complex disease calls for a complex approach to treatment. There is currently no cure for MS, so treatment includes management of symptoms, slowing progression of the disease, treating exacerbation's and addressing emotional health.


There are currently 10 medications that help slow the progression of MS. These are used to treat relapse and reduce the accumulation of lesions in the brain and spinal cord (remember, it is these lesions that cause slowing of nerve transmission that we talked about in our first post!).



MS exacerbations are caused my inflammation (swelling), particularly in the central nervous system. Remember, it is damage to the myelin that slows nerve transmission. When this inflammation is particularly increased, MS "flare-ups" are able to occur. Exacerbations decrease daily functioning and make the individual with MS particularly miserable. These are commonly treated with high-dose corticosteroids. These are medications that reduce inflammation!

Managing symptoms of MS include may include medications as well as rehabilitation.  Rehabilitation focuses on increasing the function of the individual. Problems with mobility, speech, memory and cognitive function needs to be addressed and treated. All members of the health-care team can be included in this portion of treatment. Physical therapy (therapists that focus on rehabilitating movement and activities of individuals and speech therapy (professionals which provide therapy to increase speech function and swallowing function).

Depression, anxiety and general mood disorders are often associated with MS. Therefore, providing emotional support is an important part of treatment. Mental health professionals can help provide support as well as other health care professionals.

Works:
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/specialty-pt/2011/february-2011/SPT-NPP-0211
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/Treating-MS/Comprehensive-Care
http://www.spiraldream.org/tag/multiple-sclerosis-symptoms/


Saturday, February 7, 2015

Signs & Symptoms of MS

Today we are going to talk about Signs & Symptoms of MS. Below is a short video explaining some MS symptoms from first-hand experience. 


Signs and symptoms of MS vary greatly, are unpredictable and affect each person with the disease in a unique way. MS symptoms can range from debilitating to mildly uncomfortable. MS symptoms may be managed with medication, rehabilitation and other strategies. Usually a combination is used for treatment.

Common Symptoms:
> Fatigue                                                  
> Numbness & Tingling                          
> Weakness
> Dizziness & Vertigo 
> Sexual Problems
> Walking & Gait Difficulties 

> Muscle Spasms
> Vision Problems
> Bladder & Bowel dysfunction
> Cognitive Change 
> Depression 

Less Common Symptoms: 
> Speech & Swallowing problems
> Tremor
> Seizures 
> Itching
> Hearing Loss
> Headache
> Breathing Problems 


Works:
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/Symptoms-Diagnosis/MS-Symptoms
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/basics/symptoms/CON-20026689
http://driverlayer.com/img/ms%20symptoms/20/any
http://www.sclerosistreatment.com/2014/01/early-signs-of-multiple-sclerosis.html